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'''China''', officially the '''People's Republic of China''' ('''PRC'''), is a [[socialist state]] in [[Asia]] currently led by the [[Communist Party of China]] (CPC). It is one of the few remaining [[Marxism-Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] states in the world. It is currently leading the way towards a [[Multipolarity|multipolar]] global arrangement. | '''China''', officially the '''People's Republic of China''' ('''PRC'''), is a [[socialist state]] in [[Asia]] currently led by the [[Communist Party of China]] (CPC). It is one of the few remaining [[Marxism-Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] states in the world. It is currently leading the way towards a [[Multipolarity|multipolar]] global arrangement. | ||
The PRC was founded in 1949 by [[Mao Zedong]], then head of the CPC, after the over two-decades long [[Chinese Civil War]] that had been | The PRC was founded in 1949 by [[Mao Zedong]], then head of the CPC, after the over two-decades long [[Chinese Civil War]] that had been waging since 1927.<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpOzT7alVK8 How does China work?]</ref> Since then, it has been one of the most successful [[Socialism|socialist]] experiments in the world as it continues to thrive economically to this day. It is estimated that China could economically surpass the [[United States]], the most economically powerful country in the world since [[World War II]], by the year 2030.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/amp/chinas-economy-could-overtake-us-economy-by-2030/6380892.html China’s Economy Could Overtake US Economy by 2030]</ref> | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
===Century of | ===Century of Humiliation=== | ||
The [[century of | The [[century of humiliation]] was a time period in Chinese history prior to the formation of the PRC in 1949 when the Chinese people, who lived mostly an [[Agriculture|agrarian]] lifestyle per the time, were oppressed and exploited by foreign [[Imperialism|imperialists]].<ref name=":0" /> The CPC was founded in 1921 during this time period, committing its platform to the fight for [[democracy]].<ref>[http://www.news.cn/english/2021-12/04/c_1310351231.htm China: Democracy That Works]</ref> | ||
====Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)==== | ====Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)==== | ||
The Chinese Civil War was a period of constant turmoil and civil war in China from 1927-1949 between the Communist Party of China, led then by Mao Zedong, and the [[national bourgeoise]] against the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT)-led government of China that was supported by the international imperialist [[bourgeoisie]].<ref name=":0" /> | The Chinese Civil War was a period of constant turmoil and civil war in China from 1927-1949 between the Communist Party of China, led then by Mao Zedong, and the [[national bourgeoise]] against the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT)-led government of China that was supported by the international imperialist [[bourgeoisie]].<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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==Politics== | ==Politics== | ||
===Government structure=== | ===Government structure=== | ||
The government of the People's Republic of China is rooted in [[ | The government of the People's Republic of China is rooted in [[Mao Zedong Thought]], the application of Marxism-Leninism to the conditions of China in the 1930s. Mao's thought is unique due to the idea of the [[Vanguardism|vanguard party]] running the Chinese government being not just made up of [[Proletariat|proletarians]], but also of [[Intellectualism|intellectuals]] and [[Peasantry|peasants]]. The reasoning for this is a concept developed by Mao known as the "[[mass line]]" where the vanguard is meant to pay attention to the needs and wants of the people.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
The | The state power in China is split into four layers. The lowest layer is a [[commune]], where the average person lives and works. The second layer is a [[municipality]], a group of communes, and a collection of municipalities makes up a [[province]]. Provinces are then subordinate to the national government, which is run by the [[State Council of the People's Republic of China]]. All communes, municipalities, and provinces are led by a local head of government and a [[Party Committee Secretary]] from the CPC.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
The State Council is made up of ministers that are selected by the [[National People's Congress]] (NPC), the democratically-elected parliament of China. The State Council meets once every six months, the [[Standing Committee of the State Council of the People's Republic of China]] to do their job temporarily when they are not in session. The members of the Standing Committee are selected by the State Council.<ref name=":0" /> | The State Council is made up of ministers that are selected by the [[National People's Congress]] (NPC), the democratically-elected parliament of China. The State Council meets once every six months, the [[Standing Committee of the State Council of the People's Republic of China]] to do their job temporarily when they are not in session. The members of the Standing Committee are selected by the State Council.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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===Controversies=== | ===Controversies=== | ||
====Xinjiang==== | ====Xinjiang Genocide==== | ||
The PRC has often been | The PRC has often been accused of genocide against the Uygher Muslim ethnic group in the Xinjiang Uygher Autonomous Region in the northwest. This is largely a [[conspiracy theory]], as life in Xinjiang has been proven to be prosperous and peaceful.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4UucdsVWvE What's going on in Urumqi Xinjiang (Surreal Experience)]</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TPA_hLdU4Jc&list=PLsCaI-gsA29xVYzFI-kYWLcx2QhowNBCL&index=1 <nowiki>[REUPLOAD READ DESCRIPTION] American DEBUNKS All Major Western Propaganda on Uyghurs and Xinjiang!</nowiki>]</ref> | ||
==== Debt-Trapping in Africa ==== | |||
Many in the west have accused China of debt-trapping [[Belt and Road Initiative]] (BRI) members in Africa. This has been disproven, as China has forgiven billions worth of debt to 17 different countries. | |||
==Foreign relations== | ==Foreign relations== | ||
China has positive relations with many countries throughout the world, largely due to the fact that their [[Belt and Road Initiative]] (BRI) has allowed them to connect and aid many of the world's developing nations.<ref>[https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d63544e30677a4d/index.html One Belt, One Road... One Word?]</ref> Through the BRI, China has also been able to successfully bring many nations together through the [[Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation]] (BRF).<ref>[https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d414f78417a4d34457a6333566d54/index.html Xi chairs leaders' roundtable at Belt and Road Forum]</ref> | China has positive relations with many countries throughout the world, largely due to the fact that their [[Belt and Road Initiative]] (BRI) has allowed them to connect and aid many of the world's developing nations.<ref>[https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d63544e30677a4d/index.html One Belt, One Road... One Word?]</ref> Through the BRI, China has also been able to successfully bring many nations together through the [[Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation]] (BRF).<ref>[https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d414f78417a4d34457a6333566d54/index.html Xi chairs leaders' roundtable at Belt and Road Forum]</ref> | ||
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Since the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] started in 2019, the Chinese government has been helping impoverished countries in [[Africa]] with [[debt relief]].<ref>[http://www.sais-cari.org/debt-relief SUMMARY: TRACKING GLOBAL CHINESE DEBT RELIEF IN THE COVID-19 ERA]</ref> | Since the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] started in 2019, the Chinese government has been helping impoverished countries in [[Africa]] with [[debt relief]].<ref>[http://www.sais-cari.org/debt-relief SUMMARY: TRACKING GLOBAL CHINESE DEBT RELIEF IN THE COVID-19 ERA]</ref> | ||
===Ethiopia=== | ===Ethiopia=== | ||
In 2016, China managed to open a new railway in [[Ethiopia]] that allowed the Ethiopian government to bring food aid and other humanitarian | In 2016, China managed to open a new railway in [[Ethiopia]] that allowed the Ethiopian government to bring food aid and other humanitarian aid to people in more remote area, which has saved the lives of 8.2 million Ethiopians.<ref>[https://archive.schillerinstitute.com/news_briefs/2016/0226-ethiopia-chinese_rail.html Chinese Railway Project Saves Lives in Ethiopia]</ref> | ||
===Iraq=== | ===Iraq=== | ||
In 2021, China and [[Iraq]] signed a series of 15 contracts that | In 2021, China and [[Iraq]] signed a series of 15 contracts that allocated Chinese money and labor to help build 1,000 schools in Iraq.<ref>[https://shafaq.com/en/Economy/china-to-build-a-thousand-schools-in-iraq China to build a thousand schools in Iraq]</ref> | ||
===Kenya=== | ===Kenya=== | ||
[[Kenya]], as a | [[Kenya]], as a member of the [[Belt and Road Initiative]], has been developing infrastructure with Chinese assistance. Since 2017, China has committed to developing modern railway in Kenya that has been able to improve the lives of many Kenyan citizens.<ref>[https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202111/1240156.shtml China-built modern railway transforming lives in Kenya]</ref> | ||
===Laos=== | ===Laos=== | ||
In 2021, China provided help to [[Laos]] in cleaning up bombs left from when the United States carpet-bombed the region during the [[Vietnam War]] and [[Laotian Civil War]]. This then allowed China to open a new railroad in Laos later that year, further developing the infrastructure of the destroyed country.<ref>[https://tribune.com.pk/story/2338716/beijing-clears-us-bombs-before-constructing-china-laos-railway Beijing clears US bombs before constructing China-Laos railway]</ref> | In 2021, China provided help to [[Laos]] in cleaning up bombs left from when the United States carpet-bombed the region during the [[Vietnam War]] and [[Laotian Civil War]]. This then allowed China to open a new railroad in Laos later that year, further developing the infrastructure of the destroyed country.<ref>[https://tribune.com.pk/story/2338716/beijing-clears-us-bombs-before-constructing-china-laos-railway Beijing clears US bombs before constructing China-Laos railway]</ref> |
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