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'''China''', officially the '''People's Republic of China''' ('''PRC'''), is a [[socialist state]] in [[Asia]] currently led by the [[Communist Party of China]] (CPC). It is one of the few remaining [[Marxism-Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] states in the world. It is currently leading the way towards a [[Multipolarity|multipolar]] global arrangement. | '''China''', officially the '''People's Republic of China''' ('''PRC'''), is a [[socialist state]] in [[Asia]] currently led by the [[Communist Party of China]] (CPC). It is one of the few remaining [[Marxism-Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] states in the world. It is currently leading the way towards a [[Multipolarity|multipolar]] global arrangement. | ||
The PRC was founded in 1949 by [[Mao Zedong]], then head of the CPC, after the over two-decades long [[Chinese Civil War]] that had been | The PRC was founded in 1949 by [[Mao Zedong]], then head of the CPC, after the over two-decades long [[Chinese Civil War]] that had been raging since 1927.<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpOzT7alVK8 How does China work?]</ref> Since then, it has been one of the most successful [[Socialism|socialist]] experiments in the world as it continues to thrive economically to this day. It is estimated that China could economically surpass the [[United States]], the most economically powerful country in the world since [[World War II]], by the year 2030.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/amp/chinas-economy-could-overtake-us-economy-by-2030/6380892.html China’s Economy Could Overtake US Economy by 2030]</ref> | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
===Century of | ===Century of Humilation=== | ||
The [[century of | The [[century of humilation]] was a time period in Chinese history prior to the formation of the PRC in 1949 when the Chinese people, who lived mostly an [[Agriculture|agrarian]] lifestyle per the time, were oppressed and exploited by foreign [[Imperialism|imperialists]].<ref name=":0" /> The CPC was founded in 1921 during this time period, committing its platform to the fight for [[democracy]].<ref>[http://www.news.cn/english/2021-12/04/c_1310351231.htm China: Democracy That Works]</ref> | ||
====Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)==== | ====Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)==== | ||
The Chinese Civil War was a period of constant turmoil and civil war in China from 1927-1949 between the Communist Party of China, led then by Mao Zedong, and the [[national bourgeoise]] against the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT)-led government of China that was supported by the international imperialist [[bourgeoisie]].<ref name=":0" /> | The Chinese Civil War was a period of constant turmoil and civil war in China from 1927-1949 between the Communist Party of China, led then by Mao Zedong, and the [[national bourgeoise]] against the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT)-led government of China that was supported by the international imperialist [[bourgeoisie]].<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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==Politics== | ==Politics== | ||
===Government structure=== | ===Government structure=== | ||
The government of the People's Republic of China is rooted in [[ | The government of the People's Republic of China is rooted in [[Maoism]], an extension of Marxism-Leninism applied to the conditions of China. Maoist theory makes the [[Vanguardism|vanguard party]] running the Chinese government not just made up of [[Proletariat|proletarians]], but also of [[Intellectualism|intellectuals]] and [[Peasantry|peasants]]. The reasoning for this is a concept developed by Mao known as the "[[mass line]]" where the vanguard is meant to pay attention to the needs and wants of the people.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
The | The Chinese government is structured into four layers. The lowest layer is a [[commune]], where the average proletarian lives and works. The second layer is a [[municipality]] and a collection of municipalities makes up a [[province]]. Provinces are then subordinate to the national government of the PRC, which is run by the [[State Council of the People's Republic of China]]. All communes, municipalites, and provinces are led by a local head of government and a [[Party Committee Secretary]] from the CPC.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
The State Council is made up of ministers that are selected by the [[National People's Congress]] (NPC), the democratically-elected parliament of China. The State Council meets once every six months, the [[Standing Committee of the State Council of the People's Republic of China]] to do their job temporarily when they are not in session. The members of the Standing Committee are selected by the State Council.<ref name=":0" /> | The State Council is made up of ministers that are selected by the [[National People's Congress]] (NPC), the democratically-elected parliament of China. The State Council meets once every six months, the [[Standing Committee of the State Council of the People's Republic of China]] to do their job temporarily when they are not in session. The members of the Standing Committee are selected by the State Council.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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===Controversies=== | ===Controversies=== | ||
====Xinjiang | ====Xinjiang==== | ||
The PRC has often been | The PRC has often been accussed of committing a genocide in Xinjiang, usually called the "[[Uyghur genocide conspiracy|Uyghur genocide]]." This is largely a [[conspiracy theory]] and life in Xinjiang is relatively prosperous and peaceful.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4UucdsVWvE What's going on in Urumqi Xinjiang (Surreal Experience)]</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TPA_hLdU4Jc&list=PLsCaI-gsA29xVYzFI-kYWLcx2QhowNBCL&index=1 <nowiki>[REUPLOAD READ DESCRIPTION] American DEBUNKS All Major Western Propaganda on Uyghurs and Xinjiang!</nowiki>]</ref> | ||
==Foreign relations== | ==Foreign relations== | ||
China has positive relations with many countries throughout the world, largely due to the fact that their [[Belt and Road Initiative]] (BRI) has allowed them to connect and aid many of the world's developing nations.<ref>[https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d63544e30677a4d/index.html One Belt, One Road... One Word?]</ref> Through the BRI, China has also been able to successfully bring many nations together through the [[Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation]] (BRF).<ref>[https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d414f78417a4d34457a6333566d54/index.html Xi chairs leaders' roundtable at Belt and Road Forum]</ref> | China has positive relations with many countries throughout the world, largely due to the fact that their [[Belt and Road Initiative]] (BRI) has allowed them to connect and aid many of the world's developing nations.<ref>[https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d63544e30677a4d/index.html One Belt, One Road... One Word?]</ref> Through the BRI, China has also been able to successfully bring many nations together through the [[Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation]] (BRF).<ref>[https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d414f78417a4d34457a6333566d54/index.html Xi chairs leaders' roundtable at Belt and Road Forum]</ref> | ||
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Since the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] started in 2019, the Chinese government has been helping impoverished countries in [[Africa]] with [[debt relief]].<ref>[http://www.sais-cari.org/debt-relief SUMMARY: TRACKING GLOBAL CHINESE DEBT RELIEF IN THE COVID-19 ERA]</ref> | Since the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] started in 2019, the Chinese government has been helping impoverished countries in [[Africa]] with [[debt relief]].<ref>[http://www.sais-cari.org/debt-relief SUMMARY: TRACKING GLOBAL CHINESE DEBT RELIEF IN THE COVID-19 ERA]</ref> | ||
===Ethiopia=== | ===Ethiopia=== | ||
In 2016, China managed to open a new railway in [[Ethiopia]] that allowed the Ethiopian government to bring food aid and other humanitarian | In 2016, China managed to open a new railway in [[Ethiopia]] that allowed the Ethiopian government to bring food aid and other humanitarian lives to its people, saving 8.2 million lives.<ref>[https://archive.schillerinstitute.com/news_briefs/2016/0226-ethiopia-chinese_rail.html Chinese Railway Project Saves Lives in Ethiopia]</ref> | ||
===Iraq=== | ===Iraq=== | ||
In 2021, China and [[Iraq]] signed a series of 15 contracts that | In 2021, China and [[Iraq]] signed a series of 15 contracts that gave the former permission to help build 1,000 schools in Iraq.<ref>[https://shafaq.com/en/Economy/china-to-build-a-thousand-schools-in-iraq China to build a thousand schools in Iraq]</ref> | ||
===Kenya=== | ===Kenya=== | ||
[[Kenya]], as a | [[Kenya]], as a participant in the Chinese BRI, has been aiding in developing infrastructure in the country. Since 2017, China has committed to developing modern railway in Kenya that has been able to improve the lives of many Kenyan citizens.<ref>[https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202111/1240156.shtml China-built modern railway transforming lives in Kenya]</ref> | ||
===Laos=== | ===Laos=== | ||
In 2021, China provided help to [[Laos]] in cleaning up bombs left from when the United States carpet-bombed the region during the [[Vietnam War]] and [[Laotian Civil War]]. This then allowed China to open a new railroad in Laos later that year, further developing the infrastructure of the destroyed country.<ref>[https://tribune.com.pk/story/2338716/beijing-clears-us-bombs-before-constructing-china-laos-railway Beijing clears US bombs before constructing China-Laos railway]</ref> | In 2021, China provided help to [[Laos]] in cleaning up bombs left from when the United States carpet-bombed the region during the [[Vietnam War]] and [[Laotian Civil War]]. This then allowed China to open a new railroad in Laos later that year, further developing the infrastructure of the destroyed country.<ref>[https://tribune.com.pk/story/2338716/beijing-clears-us-bombs-before-constructing-china-laos-railway Beijing clears US bombs before constructing China-Laos railway]</ref> |