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=== War of Indepedence === | === War of Indepedence === | ||
'''The Romanian War of Independence''' is the name used for romanian involvement in the '''Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878'''. This war led to the independence of '''Romania''', '''Serbia''', and '''Montenegro''' from the '''Ottoman Empire'''. On April 4/16, 1877, '''Romania''' and the '''Russian Empire''' signed an agreement in '''Bucharest''' that allowed Russian troops to cross the country en route to the '''Balkans''', on the condition that Romania's territorial integrity was respected.. '''Romania''' mobilized around 120,000 soldiers in the south to defend against potential Ottoman attacks. On April 24, 1877, Russia declared war and entered Romania through '''the Eiffel Bridge'''. The Russian Empire later requested Romania's intervention due to heavy losses. On July 24, 1877, the first Romanian Army units crossed the Danube to join forces with the Russian Army. | '''The Romanian War of Independence''' is the name used for romanian involvement in the '''Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878'''. This war led to the independence of '''Romania''', '''Serbia''', and '''Montenegro''' from the '''Ottoman Empire'''. On April 4/16, 1877, '''Romania''' and the '''Russian Empire''' signed an agreement in '''Bucharest''' that allowed Russian troops to cross the country en route to the '''Balkans''', on the condition that Romania's territorial integrity was respected.. '''Romania''' mobilized around 120,000 soldiers in the south to defend against potential Ottoman attacks. On April 24, 1877, Russia declared war and entered Romania through '''the Eiffel Bridge'''. The Russian Empire later requested Romania's intervention due to heavy losses. On July 24, 1877, the first Romanian Army units crossed the Danube to join forces with the Russian Army. '''The act of independence of Romania''' was read by '''Kogălniceanu''' as the will of the Romanian people, it was signed by '''Prince Carol I''' on May 10/22, 1877 | ||
=== Kindom of Romania === | === Kindom of Romania === | ||
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"On March 26th, 1881, Prince Carol was crowned as King Carol I of Romania, marking the country's transition from a principality to a kingdom. | "On March 26th, 1881, Prince Carol was crowned as King Carol I of Romania, marking the country's transition from a principality to a kingdom. | ||
Romania stayed out of the First Balkan War, but allied with Greece and Serbia in the Second Balkan War. Bulgaria was dissatisfied with the outcome of the First Balkan War and attacked Serbia and Greece. Romania declared war on Bulgaria on July 10th, 1913, after mobilizing its army on July 5th, aiming to take over Southern Dobruja. On the same day, a section of the Romanian army entered Dobruja and took control of a line from Tutrakan to Balchik, and later the port of Varna. Bulgaria sought a truce when Romanian forces reached the outskirts of Sofia, its capital. The Treaty of Bucharest made Bulgaria cede most of the lands it gained in the First Balkan War to Serbia, Greece and the Ottoman Empire, and also give up some territory to Romania. | Romania stayed out of the '''First Balkan War''', but allied with Greece and Serbia in the '''Second Balkan War'''. Bulgaria was dissatisfied with the outcome of the First Balkan War and attacked Serbia and Greece. Romania declared war on Bulgaria on July 10th, 1913, after mobilizing its army on July 5th, aiming to take over Southern Dobruja. On the same day, a section of the Romanian army entered Dobruja and took control of a line from Tutrakan to Balchik, and later the port of Varna. Bulgaria sought a truce when Romanian forces reached the outskirts of Sofia, its capital. The Treaty of Bucharest made Bulgaria cede most of the lands it gained in the First Balkan War to Serbia, Greece and the Ottoman Empire, and also give up some territory to Romania. | ||
Romania secured South Dobruja (also known as Quadrilateral) as a result of the war. | Romania secured South Dobruja (also known as Quadrilateral) as a result of the war. | ||
=== WW1 === | === WW1 === | ||
Romania initially remained neutral during World War I, but faced pressure from both the Central Powers and the Entente to join the conflict. Romania’s main goal was to annex Transylvania and create a Greater Romania. In 1916, Romania entered the war on the side of the Entente, hoping to gain Transylvania in exchange for its participation. However, Romania was soon invaded and occupied by the Central Powers, who inflicted heavy casualties and damage on the Romanian army and population. Romania signed the Treaty of Bucharest (1918) with the Central Powers, which forced it to cede Dobruja to Bulgaria and allow German exploitation of its resources. However, Romania re-entered the war in November 1918, after the collapse of the Central Powers. Romania occupied Transylvania and joined the victorious Entente. The Treaty of Versailles (1919) and the Treaty of Trianon (1920) confirmed Romania’s acquisition of Transylvania, as well as Bessarabia and Bukovina, which had been part of the Russian Empire. | Romania initially remained neutral during World War I, but faced pressure from both the '''Central Powers''' and the '''Entente''' to join the conflict. Romania’s main goal was to annex Transylvania and create a Greater Romania. In 1916, Romania entered the war on the side of the Entente, hoping to gain Transylvania in exchange for its participation. However, Romania was soon invaded and occupied by the Central Powers, who inflicted heavy casualties and damage on the Romanian army and population. Romania signed the Treaty of Bucharest (1918) with the Central Powers, which forced it to cede Dobruja to Bulgaria and allow German exploitation of its resources. However, Romania re-entered the war in November 1918, after the collapse of the Central Powers. Romania occupied Transylvania and joined the victorious Entente. The Treaty of Versailles (1919) and the Treaty of Trianon (1920) confirmed Romania’s acquisition of Transylvania, as well as Bessarabia and Bukovina, which had been part of the Russian Empire. | ||
=== Interwar period === | === Interwar period === |