"VOD" stands for Video On Demand. In contemporary internet contexts, it tends to refer to livestreams and other long-form broadcast media that has been trimmed into shorter easier-to-consume clips.
Historically, VODs were groundbreaking technology, as most TV content was only live broadcast. With improvements to recording and storage technologies, video on demand became more popular in the late 2000s. In the 2020s, livestreaming platforms such as Twitch have re-popularized the phrase.