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While some take 'multi-polarity' to imply the coexistence of large powers and therefore identify the late 19th century as 'multipolar,' Infrared interprets multi-polarity to refer to a new particularization and regionalization of global hegemony. | While some take 'multi-polarity' to imply the coexistence of large powers and therefore identify the late 19th century as 'multipolar,' Infrared interprets multi-polarity to refer to a new particularization and regionalization of global hegemony. | ||
Drawing from [[ | Drawing from [[Alexander Kojeve]]'s notion of the 'universal and homogeneous state,' Infrared interprets multi-polarity in the Hegelian sense of the rise of 'determinate universalism,' as opposed to the 'abstract universalism' characteristic of American super-imperialism. Newly emergent regional poles give globalization a concrete and civilizational character, thus corresponding to the rise of states that are simultaneously universal and particular, global, and regional. | ||
Multi-polarity represents the sublation of the global American system into regional forms, that render it superfluous. Hence in the age of multi-polarity, American hegemony begins to assume the form of naked and brute political domination, characterized by the extraordinary use of military force to preserve a state of affairs outmoded by history. This is in contrast to the nascent American super-imperialism ([[Michael Hudson|Hudson]]) of the postwar Bretton-Woods period, which was characterized by the emergence of a unique global economic system based on strategic application of economic developmentalism to select regions in order mitigate the effects of capitalist crisis. | Multi-polarity represents the sublation of the global American system into regional forms, that render it superfluous. Hence in the age of multi-polarity, American hegemony begins to assume the form of naked and brute political domination, characterized by the extraordinary use of military force to preserve a state of affairs outmoded by history. This is in contrast to the nascent American super-imperialism ([[Michael Hudson|Hudson]]) of the postwar Bretton-Woods period, which was characterized by the emergence of a unique global economic system based on strategic application of economic developmentalism to select regions in order mitigate the effects of capitalist crisis. | ||