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'''Fascism''' is a historical and political force that emerged in the | '''Fascism''' is a historical and political force that emerged in the [[20th century]] most famously in [[Italy]] and [[Germany]]. The [[liberal]] view of fascism claims that it is merely [[nationalistic]], [[right-wing]], [[anti-Semitic]], and most importantly the advocacy for "[[otherness]]." The [[liberal]] view also claims that fascism rejects [[liberal democracy]] for exterior motives such as [[militarism]] and [[race]]. This is false, because fascism only emerged in the period of [[capitalist]] crisis in which the [[bourgeoisie]] "''must turn against what itself created, because what was once a factor of its development today has become an obstacle to the preservation of capitalist society.''" <ref name=":0">Togliatti, Palmiro. Lectures on Fascism. Edited by Vijay Prashad, International Publishers Company, Incorporated, 2017, 1970, 1935.</ref> Fascism only did away with [[liberal democracy]] because of the real conditions of [[imperialism]] in their respective contexts. | ||
Fascism was defined by [[Georgi Dimitrov]] at the [[7th World Congress of the Communist International]]: "''the open [[terrorist dictatorship]] of the most [[reactionary]], most [[chauvinistic]] and most [[imperialist]] elements of [[finance capital]]."'' <ref>Dimitrov, Georgi. “The Fascist Offensive and the Tasks of the Communist International in the Struggle of the Working Class against Fascism.” Marxists Internet Archive, 2 August 1935, <nowiki>https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/dimitrov/works/1935/08_02.htm#s2</nowiki>.</ref> | |||
Today, the [[left]] resembles fascism due to its [[liquidationist]] tendencies in favor of [[modern imperialism]]. It also contains the [[institutionalization]] and [[middle class]] [[mass character]] as fascism held historically. The former General Secretary of the [[Communist Party of Italy]] gave a clear warning against these narrow ideological characterizations of the [[liberal]] definition of fascism: | |||
''"I warn you against the tendency to regard fascist ideology as something that is solidly formed, complete, homogenous. Nothing more closely resembles a chameleon than fascist ideology. Don't look at fascist ideology without considering the objectives which fascism proposes to reach at a given moment with a given ideology."'' <ref name=":0" /> | |||
== Further reading == | == Further reading == | ||
* ''Lectures on Fascism'' - Palmiro Togliatti | * ''Lectures on Fascism'' - Palmiro Togliatti | ||
* | * ''The Fascist Offensive and the Tasks of the Communist International in the Struggle of the Working Class against Fascism -'' Georgi Dimitrov | ||
* ''Fascism and Big Business'' - Daniel Guerin | * ''Fascism and Big Business'' - Daniel Guerin | ||
* ''Under the Axe of Fascism'' - Gaetano Salvemini | * ''Under the Axe of Fascism'' - Gaetano Salvemini | ||
* ''The Theory of Factions in Monopoly Capital'' - Richard Corell and Ernst Herzog | * ''The Theory of Factions in Monopoly Capital'' - Richard Corell and Ernst Herzog | ||
* ''Blackshirts and Reds'' - Michael Parenti | * ''Blackshirts and Reds'' - Michael Parenti | ||
* | * ''The Struggle Against Fascism'' - Clara Zetkin | ||
* Various works on fascism by R. Palme Dutt | * Various works on fascism by R. Palme Dutt | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||