Editing A New Introduction to Capital (section)

==== CAPITALISM VS SOCIALISM ====
There is no such thing as a capitalist or socialist "system", it is not a system because it's not precedented by some implementation. Socialism is not some arbitrary discontinuity with a reality we are already familiar with. There is a rational connection between the world as we know it and the socialist mode of prouction. The socialist mode of production is already entering into reality ''through capitalism itself''. So how can we understand this fact? 

Marx formalized the capitalist mode of production in M-C-M'. So if we want to learn how the socialist mode of production will enter in to reality, it has to be through the transformation of M-C-M'.

WHY IS THERE EXCHANGE

There is a material reason why exchange is necessary. Social relations are not given, they are determinate. We are not atomized individuals. In reality, we are always already in some kind of social relation. (This is the mystery of history right, when we look at history it seems like everything is already there.) Proof of this is money.

In bartering, money is being used to purchase goods. Two barterers have to make account for the abstraction of money when they enter in to relation/exchange. In this way, the social relation is mediated not just between two barterers, but through the polity.

Polities have a monopoly on coinage. It is through currency that polities exercise dominion over lands and the people which inhabit it.

So, money exchanges for all goods and services. Right?

In our head, money exchanges for all commodities: but this is something unique for modernity and for capitalism.

Why? Because before capitalism the range of commodities which money exchanges for was determinite and finite.

Money before capitalism does NOT exchange for 'all goods and services' rendered abstractly

The abstract (of money) abstracts from determinite goods, commodities and services passed by tradition.

Despite the fact that money abstracts, it was concretly abstract, because the polity and the king does not refer to power in the abstract, but power over definite land, people and services (material relations). Traditional ways of living, traditional ways of producing, The smith has a grandsson which is also a smith.

The ontologisation of abstraction for it's own sake is unique for capitalist modernity. Capital is anti-social.